OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT (OCEF) RELAY SETTINGLet say a balanced 3-phase load connected to Switchboard A =730kW Receiving end 3-phase voltage=415Vac 50Hz Power factor=0.85 lagging
3-phase load current = 730kW/[ 1.732 x 415V x 0.85] = 1194.8 A
For relay setting, let us set continuous current to carry (100%)=1200 A Let us now find Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) In the selection of fault current to be used in calculation of relay operating time, 3-phase symmetrical fault is selected because it is the highest compared with line-line or line-ground fault. If we select either one of the unbalanced faults, and a 3-phase fault occurs, may be relays being used will be unable to correctly coordinate because the fault is so big that cause relay to operate too fast. By setting based on 3-phase symmetrical fault, and if any unbalanced fault fault occurs, operating time of the relay will be a bit slower but reasonable to protect system.
From calculation of fault above, 3-phase symmetrical fault = 20.3kA (Refer page on fault current)
Let us choose normal inverse curve
From the table, a=0.14 and b=0.02 Alternatively, operating time of the idmt relay based on TMS ranging from TMS 1 to TMS 0.1 can be determined for given multiple pickup.
![]() Hence, operating time of the relay at TMS 0.1 =0.1 x 2.4 s =0.24 seconds.
If there is another switchboard named Switchborad B in the upstream of the line, its relay operation should have time discrimination of 0.4s or 0.5s And so on for the next Switchborad C which is in the upstream of Switchborad B, its relay operating time will be set at = 0.4s + 0.64s =1.04second.
![]() e-circuit-optimizer.com wish to say thanks to Dr Azhar Khairuddin of Electrical Engineering Faculty, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia who helped commenting on fault current and relay operating time. |